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In this article, we investigate the optical response of a duplicated two-level atomic medium submitted to a strong stationnary control field and a weak co-propagating probe field, orthogonally polarized to each other. We show that both reflected and transmitted components of the probe may be absorbed and amplified. Moreover, for low optical depths, reflection and transmission factors are controlled by the relative phase between control and probe fields, which makes the configuration we present here promising for the development of optical devices, such as phase-controlled switches.

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The sinking of alkali cations in superfluid 4He nanodroplets is investigated theoretically using liquid 4He time-dependent density functional theory at zero temperature. The simulations illustrate the dynamics of the buildup of the first solvation shell around the ions. The number of helium atoms in this shell is found to linearly increase with time during the first stages of the dynamics. This points to a Poissonian capture process, as concluded in the work of Albrechtsen et al. on the primary steps of Na+ solvation in helium droplets [Albrechtsen et al., Nature 623, 319 (2023)]. The energy dissipation rate by helium atom ejection is found to be quite similar between all alkalis, the main difference being a larger energy dissipated per atom for the lighter alkalis at the beginning of the dynamics. In addition, the number of helium atoms in the first solvation shell is found to be lower at the end of the dynamics than at equilibrium for both Li+ and Na+, pointing to a kinetic rather than thermodynamical control of the snowball size for small and strongly attractive ions.

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The accurate description of an atom or molecule colliding with a metal surface remains challenging. Several strategies have been performed over the past decades to include in a Langevin dynamics the energy transfer related to electron-hole pair excitations in a phenomenological way through a friction contribution. We report the adaptation of two schemes previously developed in the litterature to couple the electronic friction dynamics with the Density-Functional based Tight-Binding (DFTB) approach. The first scheme relies on an electronic isotropic friction coefficient determined from the local electronic density (Local Density Friction Approximation or LDFA). In the second one, a tensorial friction is generated from the non-adiabatic couplings of the ground electronic state with the single electron-hole excitations (Electron Tensor Friction Approximation or ETFA). New DFTB parameterization provides potential energy curves in good agreement with first-principle Density-Functional Theory (DFT) energy calculations for selected pathways of hydrogen atom adsorbing onto the (100) silver surface or penetrating subsurface. Preliminary DFTB/Langevin dynamics simulations are presented for hydrogen atom scattering from the (100) silver surface and energy loss timescales are characterized.

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Interactions between molecular hydrogen and ions are of interest in cluster science, astrochemistry and hydrogen storage. In dynamical simulations, H2 molecules are usually modelled as point particles, an approximation that can fail for anisotropic interactions. Here, we apply an adiabatic separation of the H2 rotational motion to build effective pseudoatom-ion potentials and in turn study the properties of (H2)nNa+/Cl− clusters. These interaction potentials are based on high-level ab initio calculations and Improved Lennard-Jones parametrizations, while the subsequent dynamics has been performed by quantum Monte Carlo calculations. By comparisons with simulations explicitly describing the molecular rotations, it is concluded that the present adiabatic model is very adequate. Interestingly, we find differences in the cluster stabilities and coordination shells depending on the spin isomer considered (para- or ortho-H2), especially for the anionic clusters.

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Recent experiments have shown that translational energy loss is mainly mediated by electron–hole pair excitations for hydrogen atoms impinging on clean metallic surfaces. Inspired by these studies, quasi-classical trajectory simulations are here performed to investigate the energy transfer after scattering of hydrogen atoms off clean and hydrogen-covered tungsten (100) surfaces. The present theoretical approach examines the coverage effect of the preadsorbed hydrogen atoms, as was done recently for the (110) crystallographic plane in (J Phys Chem C 125:14075, 2021). As suggested, scattering can be described in terms of three different dynamical mechanisms, the contribution of which changes with coverage, which allow to rationalize the shape of the energy loss spectra.

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Sujets

ELECTRON-NUCLEAR DYNAMICS Ab initio calculations COHERENT CONTROL Alkali-halide Atomic clusters ELECTRONIC BUBBLE FORMATION Collisions ultra froides Tetrathiafulvalene CONICAL INTERSECTION Dynamique quantique Cryptochrome Molecules Diels-Alder reaction Classical trajectory Photophysics Coulomb presssure Dynamique mixte classique DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION Anharmonicity Anisotropy Theory CHEMICAL-REACTIONS Cluster Superfluid helium nanodroplets Dissipative quantum methods ALGORITHM Effets isotopiques Non-equilibrium Green's function Electronic transport inelastic effects MCTDH WAVE-PACKET DYNAMICS Dynamique moléculaire quantique Dynamique non-adiabatique Effets transitoires Rydberg atoms Slow light Atomic scattering from surfaces COLLISION ENERGY Clusters Coherent control QUANTUM OPTIMAL-CONTROL Dynamics Electric field Cope rearrangement Dissipative dynamics Transitions non-adiabatiques Atomic collisions DENSITY Transport électronique Coordonnées hypersphériques elliptiques Deformation Ultrashort pulses CLASSICAL TRAJECTORY METHOD Dissipation Close-coupling ENERGY DRIVEN Effets de propagation Théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité Atom Collisions des atomes Electron transfer Cesium 4He-TDDFT simulation DEMO DFTB Casimir effect DYNAMICS Electron-surface collision Ejection DISSIPATION Propagation effects Wave packet interferences Density functional theory ELECTRON DYNAMICS STATE Bohmian trajectories Effets inélastiques Extra dimension COMPLEX ABSORBING POTENTIALS CAVITY AR Agrégats Quantum dynamics Collision frequency Fonction de Green hors-équilibre Half revival MODEL ENTROPY Ab-initio Drops Composés organiques à valence mixte Contrôle cohérent Cosmological constant Dark energy Muonic hydrogen Electronic Structure DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS ENTANGLEMENT Calcium

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168