Geographical Distribution of Ljungan Virus in Small Mammals in Europe
Cristina Fevola
(1, 2)
,
Chiara Rossi
(1)
,
Fausta Rosso
(1)
,
Matteo Girardi
(1)
,
Roberto Rosà
(1, 3)
,
Mattia Manica
(1)
,
Luca Delucchi
(1)
,
Duccio Rocchini
(3, 1)
,
Carol Garzon-Lopez
(1)
,
Daniele Arnoldi
(1)
,
Alessandro Bianchi
(4)
,
Elena Buzan
(5)
,
Nathalie Charbonnel
(6)
,
Margherita Collini
(1, 7)
,
Ľudovít Ďureje
(8)
,
Frauke Ecke
(9)
,
Nicola Ferrari
(10)
,
Stefan Fischer
(11)
,
Emma Gillingham
(1, 12, 13)
,
Birger Hörnfeldt
(9)
,
Maria Kazimirova
(14)
,
Adam Konečný
(1, 15)
,
Miriam Maas
(16)
,
Magnus S. Magnusson
(9)
,
Andrea Miller
(9, 17)
,
Jukka Niemimaa
(18)
,
Åke Nordström
(9)
,
Anna Obiegala
(19)
,
Gert Olsson
(9)
,
Paolo Pedrini
(20)
,
Jaroslav Pialek
(8)
,
Chantal Reusken
(16)
,
Annapaola Rizzoli
(1)
,
Claudia Romeo
(10)
,
Cornelia Silaghi
(19)
,
Tarja Sironen
(21)
,
Michal Stanko
(14)
,
Valentina Tagliapietra
(1)
,
Rainer Ulrich
(11)
,
Olli Vapalahti
(21)
,
Liina Voutilainen
(18)
,
Lucas Wauters
(18)
,
Franco Rizzolli
(1)
,
Antti Vaheri
(21)
,
Anne Jääskeläinen
(21)
,
Heikki Henttonen
(18)
,
Heidi Hauffe
(1)
1
FEM -
Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie]
2 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
3 University of Trento [Trento]
4 IZSLER - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini"
5 University of Primorska
6 UMR CBGP - Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations
7 Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali = Department of Materials Science [Milano-Bicocca]
8 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
9 SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
10 UNIMI - Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan
11 FLI - Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
12 Cardiff University
13 Public Health England [London]
14 SAS - Slovak Academy of Sciences
15 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
16 RIVM - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven]
17 NINA - Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
18 LUKE - Natural Resources Institute Finland
19 LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
20 Museo delle Scienze
21 Department of Virology [Helsinki]
2 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
3 University of Trento [Trento]
4 IZSLER - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini"
5 University of Primorska
6 UMR CBGP - Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations
7 Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali = Department of Materials Science [Milano-Bicocca]
8 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
9 SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
10 UNIMI - Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan
11 FLI - Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
12 Cardiff University
13 Public Health England [London]
14 SAS - Slovak Academy of Sciences
15 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
16 RIVM - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven]
17 NINA - Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
18 LUKE - Natural Resources Institute Finland
19 LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
20 Museo delle Scienze
21 Department of Virology [Helsinki]
Duccio Rocchini
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 791294
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0087-0594
Nathalie Charbonnel
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 736426
- IdHAL : nathalie-charbonnel
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7907-6539
- IdRef : 17561959X
Heidi Hauffe
Connectez-vous pour contacter l'auteur
- Function : Correspondent author
- PersonId : 1074098
Connectez-vous pour contacter l'auteur
Abstract
Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole (Myodes rutilus) and the root or tundra vole (Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon) and the Valais shrew (Sorex antinorii). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5 ' untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.
Domains
Life Sciences [q-bio]
Origin : Files produced by the author(s)